File:Atomic orbitals n1234 m-eigenstates.png

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English: Collection of all 30 atomic single-electron orbitals for the lowest four n quantum numbers. The four blocks show the quantum numbers n=1, n=2, n=3 and n=4, respectively. Each row shows one l-quantum number l=0 (s), l=1 (p), l=2 (d) and l=3 (f) with m quantum numbers in ascending order. The color depicts the complex-valued phase of the wavefunction. In contrast to the real-valued orbitals in chemistry, which are superpositions of several m-eigenstates, the probability densities shown here are symmetric around the z-axis. The solid bodies enclose the volume where the continuous probability density exceeds a well-chosen threshold. The formulas that describe the orbitals can be found at Hydrogen atom. The 2s, 3s and 4s orbitals are cut open to reveal the inner structure.
The labels in the image show the quantum numbers nlm with l encoded as letter.
Date
Source Own work, Created with hydrogen 1.1
Author Geek3
Other versions Atomic orbitals n123 m-eigenstates.png only up to n=3.

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current23:31, 31 March 2018Thumbnail for version as of 23:31, 31 March 20182,800 × 4,600 (1.04 MB)Geek3User created page with UploadWizard
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