Scott's Hall, Jamaica
Scott's Hall is one of the four official towns of the Jamaican Maroons. It is located in Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica.[1]
Scott's Hall is one of the towns belonging to the Windward Maroons, which are situated along the Blue Mountains (Jamaica). While Moore Town is in the easternmost part of the mountain range, Charles Town, Jamaica is more centrally located. However, while Moore Town and Charles Town are situated in Portland Parish, Scott's Hall is on the westernmost edge of the range in St Mary. The only Leeward Maroon town in Jamaica is Accompong Town, located in the western Cockpit Country.[2] However, the Returned Maroons of Cudjoe's Town (Trelawny Town) now live just outside Maroon Town, Jamaica.[3]
History[edit]
Originally, the largest Windward Maroon town was Crawford's Town, located high in the Blue Mountains. However, a leadership conflict between Quao and Edward Crawford in 1754 resulted in the destruction of Crawford's Town. Scott's Hall was established by supporters of Quao in 1749, and when a conflict five years later resulted in the destruction of Crawford's Town, more supporters of Quao were relocated to Scott's Hall.[4][5]
However, upon the establishment of Scott's Hall, white superintendents assumed control of the Maroon town, and the Maroon officers reported to them. In 1760, while Cudjo and Davy the Maroon were the nominal Maroon leaders of Scott's Hall, they reported to the Moore Town superintendent, who marshalled the Maroon forces during Tacky's War. Davy, a legendary marksman, is credited with personally killing Tacky, and bringing an end to the main part of the revolt.[6] By the time Cudjo and Davy died, sometime before the mid-1790s, the superintendent did not see the need to appoint another Maroon officer, and instead ruled the smallest Maroon town directly.[7]
In 1770, there were 42 Maroons living in Scott's Hall, and by 1797 the village's population had only increased marginally to 45. In 1808, the Maroon population of Scott's Hall was just 51, but by 1841 it had more than doubled to 105.[8]
In 1781, the superintendent of Scott's Hall, Bernard Nalty, led a party of Windward Maroons that killed Three Fingered Jack (Jamaica), a notorious leader of a group of runaway slaves.[9][10]
Because only a few Scott's Hall Maroons owned slaves, they did not follow the other two Windward Maroon towns in embracing the Anglican Church version of Christianity. Instead, the Maroons of Scott's Hall welcome Baptist missionaries into their village. Like Charles Town, a large number of residents in Scott's Hall were non-Maroons.[11]
Government[edit]
Maroon officers[edit]
c. 1760 - c. 1793 Captain Cudjo and Captain Davy the Maroon
c. 1790s Colonel George Gray
c. 1807 - c. 1809 Captain John Gordon (d. c. 1809)
c. 1809 Captain Peter Ellis[12]
2016 – Present Colonel Rudolph Pink
In 2016, Rudolph Pink was elected Maroon colonel of Scott's Hall.[13]
A dispute over the leadership of Scott's Hall resulted in the arrest of Pink for breaches of a coronavirus curfew, and allegations of an attempted coup by Lloyd Lattibeaudiere.[14] There is a rival claimant to the post of chief of Scott's Hall, named Rastalogy Francis.[15]
A maroon receivership internal government investigation (MRIGI) concluded by reinstating Pink as the Maroon chief of Scott's Hall.
On January 9, 2020, Pink asked the Jamaican government to ratify or sign a document, called the “free paper”, by maroons.[16][17]
White superintendents[edit]
c. 1760s Edward Cresswell, Benjamin Brown and John George
c. 1773 William Trower
c. 1776 - c. 1782 Bernard Nalty
c. 1782 - c. 1785 Daniel Fisher
1785 - c. 1787 William Virgo Brodbelt
1787 - 1792/4 John Spence Brodbelt
1792/4 - c. 1796 Edmund Pusey March
c. 1796 - c. 1797 John March
1797 - 1831 Thomas March (d. 1831)
1831 - ? Philip Thomas Livingston[18]
21st century[edit]
Once a year, Scott's Hall promotes a traditional Maroon festival named Kyushu (water fest). This traditional festivity speaks to ceremonial ancestors and the signing of the treaty.
Scott's Hall has a population of over 3,000, and is a traditional farming community. Its natural resources include sustainable resources such as bamboo. Scott's Hall boasts a museum, and a head office for the new Maroon paramount chief is currently under consultation.
References[edit]
- ^ "Scott's Hall Maroons Looking to Develop Area as Major Attraction – Jamaica Information Service". jis.gov.jm. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. p. 58.
- ^ "Maroon Connection: A Brief History of the Trelawny Town Maroons". maroonconnection.blogspot.com. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. pp. 55-7.
- ^ Bev Carey, The Maroon Story: The Authentic and Original History of the Maroons in the History of Jamaica 1490-1880 (Kingston, Jamaica: Agouti Press, 1997), pp. 416-8.
- ^ Michael Craton, Testing the Chains (New York: Cornell University Press, 1982), p. 136.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. p. 73.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. pp. 108, 243.
- ^ Benjamin Moseley, A Treatise on Sugar (London: G.G. and J. Robinson, 1799), pp. 175-6.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. pp. 113-5.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. pp. 227-8, 248-250.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. p. 273.
- ^ "Scott's Hall Maroons Get New Colonel", Daily Gleaner 2 June 2016 http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20160602/scotts-hall-maroons-get-new-colonel Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Maroon arrested for curfew breach, police assault", Daily Gleaner, 15 April 2020 http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/lead-stories/20200415/maroon-arrested-curfew-breach-police-assault Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Maroon arrested for curfew breach, police assault", Jamaica Gleaner 15 April 2020 http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/lead-stories/20200415/maroon-arrested-curfew-breach-police-assault Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- ^ "Ratify our sovereignty, Maroon chief urges State", Jamaica Gleaner, 9 January 2020 http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20200109/ratify-our-sovereignty-maroon-leader-urges-state Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- ^ "Lumi still on track, says Maroon chief", Jamaica Observer' 12 January 2020 http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/lumi-still-on-track-says-maroon-chief-time-has-come-for-economic-freedom-argues-colonel-wallace-sterling_184347?profile=1373 Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- ^ Siva, Michael (2018). After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (PDF) (PhD). Southampton: Southampton University. p. 278.