Ribes triste

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Ribes triste
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Grossulariaceae
Genus: Ribes
Species:
R. triste
Binomial name
Ribes triste
Pall. 1797 not Turcz. 1837
Synonyms[1]
  • Coreosma tristis (Pall.) Lunell
  • Ribes albinervium Michx.
  • Ribes ciliosum Howell
  • Ribes melancholicum Siev. ex Pall.
  • Ribes propinquum Turcz.
  • Ribes rubrum var. propinquum Trautv. & C.A. Mey.
  • Ribes repens A.I. Baranov

Ribes triste, known as the northern redcurrant,[2] swamp redcurrant, or wild redcurrant,[3] is an Asian and North American shrub in the gooseberry family. It is widespread across Canada and the northern United States, as well as in eastern Asia (Russia, China, Korea, Japan).[4][5]

Ribes triste grows in wet rocky woods, swamps, and cliffs. It grows to 50 cm (20 in) tall, with a lax, often creeping branches. The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed with five lobes, 6–10 cm (2+1⁄4–4 in) in diameter. The flowers are in pendulous racemes, 4–7 cm (1+1⁄2–2+3⁄4 in) long. The axis of the raceme is glandular. Each raceme bears 6-13 small, purplish flowers that appear in June and July. The fruit is a bright red berry, without the hairs that some currants have. The fruit is edible but rather sour.[6]

Conservation status in the United States[edit]

It is listed as endangered in Connecticut[7] and Ohio, and as threatened in Pennsylvania.[8]

As a weed[edit]

Ribes is listed a plant pest in Michigan and the planting of it in certain parts of the state is prohibited.[8]

Use by Native Americans[edit]

In cuisine[edit]

Alaska Natives use the fruit as food, eating it raw, and making the berries into jam and jellies.[9] Eskimos eat the berries[10] and the Inupiat eat them raw or cooked, mix them with other berries which are used to make a traditional dessert. They also mix the berries with rosehips and highbush cranberries and boil them into a syrup.[11] The Iroquois mash the fruit, make them into small cakes, and store them for future use. They later soak the fruit cakes in warm water and cooked them a sauce or mixed them with corn bread. They also sun dry or fire dry the raw or cooked fruit for future use and take the dried fruit with them as a hunting food.[12] The Ojibwe eat the berries raw, and also preserve them by cooking them, spreading them on birch bark into little cakes, which are dried and stored for winter use.[13] In the winter, they often eat the berries with cooked with sweet corn. They also use the berries to make jams and preserves.[14] The Upper Tanana eat the berries as food.[15]

In medicine[edit]

The Ojibwe take a decoction of the root and stalk for 'gravel',[16] and take a compound decoction of the stalk for 'stoppage of periods',[17] and use the leaves as a 'female remedy'.[18] The Upper Tanana use a decoction of the stems, without the bark, as a wash for sore eyes.[15]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ribes triste.
  1. ^ "Ribes triste". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Gardens – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  2. ^ Ulev, Elena D. (2006). "Ribes triste". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  3. ^ "Ribes triste Pall., swamp red currant, wild red currant". Canada's Plant Hardiness Site. Natural Resources Canada.
  4. ^ "Ribes triste". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  5. ^ Lu, Lingdi; Alexander, Crinan. "Ribes triste". Flora of China. Vol. 8 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  6. ^ Morin, Nancy R. (2009). "Ribes triste". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 8. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  7. ^ "Endangered, Threatened, and Special Concern Plants". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 28 December 2021. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
  8. ^ a b USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ribes triste". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  9. ^ Heller, Christine A. (1953). Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska. University of Alaska. p. 87.
  10. ^ Anderson, J. P. (1939). "Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska". American Journal of Botany. 26 (9): 715. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1939.tb09343.x.
  11. ^ Jones, Anore (1983). Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat. Kotzebue, Alaska: Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program. p. 105.
  12. ^ Waugh, F. W. (1916). Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation. Ottawa: Canada Department of Mines. p. 128.
  13. ^ Densmore 1928, p. 321.
  14. ^ Smith 1932, p. 410.
  15. ^ a b Kari 1985, p. 11.
  16. ^ Densmore 1928, p. 348.
  17. ^ Densmore 1928, p. 358.
  18. ^ Smith 1932, p. 389.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Densmore, Frances (1928). "Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians". SI-BAE Annual Report. 44.
  • Smith, Huron H. (1932). "Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians". Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee. 4.
  • Kari, Priscilla Russe (1985). Upper Tanana Ethnobotany. Anchorage: Alaska Historical Commission.
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