List of heads of state of Chad

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President of the
Republic of Chad
رئيس جمهورية تشاد (Arabic)
Président de la
République du Tchad
 (French)
Incumbent
Mahamat Déby
(Transitional)
since 20 April 2021[note 1]
ResidencePresidential Palace, N'Djamena
Term length6 years, renewable once
Inaugural holderFrançois Tombalbaye
Formation23 April 1962
Salary800,000 FCFA / month
WebsitePresidency of Chad

This is a list of heads of state of Chad since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day.

A total of six people have served as head of state of Chad (not counting two Interim Heads of State). Additionally, one person, Goukouni Oueddei, has served on two non-consecutive occasions.

The current head of state of Chad is Mahamat Déby, since 20 April 2021, when he took power in a military coup following the death of his father, President Idriss Déby. Mahamat Déby was President of the Transitional Military Council, a military junta, from 20 April 2021 until 10 October 2022, when he was sworn is as Transitional President of the Republic following a "national dialogue".[1][2]

Term limits[edit]

In 2018, new Constitution of Chad reinstated two-term limits for the president. It also changed the length of the term from five years to six years.[3]

Titles[edit]

  • 1960–1962: Head of State
  • 1962–1975: President of the Republic
  • 1975          : Chairman of the Supreme Military Council
  • 1975–1978: Head of State
  • 1978–1979: President of the Republic
  • 1979          : Chairman of the Provisional Council of State
  • 1979          : President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
  • 1979          : Chairman of the Provisional Administrative Committee
  • 1979–1982: President of the Transitional Government of National Unity
  • 1982          : Chairman of the Command Council of the Armed Forces of the North
  • 1982          : Chairman of the Council of State
  • 1982–1990: President of the Republic
  • 1990          : President of the Patriotic Salvation Movement
  • 1990–1991: President of the Council of State
  • 1991–2021: President of the Republic
  • 2021–2022: President of the Transitional Military Council[4]
  • 2022–present: President of the Republic[1][2]

List of officeholders[edit]

Political parties
  National Liberation Front of Chad (FROLINAT)–People's Armed Forces (FAP)
Other factions
Status
  Interim Head of State
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Elected Term of office Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
1 François Tombalbaye
(1918–1975)[a]
1962
1969
11 August 1960 13 April 1975
(assassinated)
14 years, 245 days PPT / MNRCS Position not established
Noël Milarew Odingar
(1932–2007)
13 April 1975 15 April 1975 2 days Military Position not established
2 Félix Malloum
(1932–2009)
15 April 1975 23 March 1979
(resigned)
3 years, 342 days Military Habré
3 Goukouni Oueddei
(born 1944)
23 March 1979 29 April 1979 37 days FROLINATFAP Position vacant
4 Lol Mahamat Choua
(1939–2019)
29 April 1979 3 September 1979 127 days MPLT Position vacant
(3) Goukouni Oueddei
(born 1944)
3 September 1979 7 June 1982
(deposed)
2 years, 277 days FROLINATFAP Ngardoum
(from 19 May 1982)
5 Hissène Habré
(1942–2021)
1989
(referendum)
7 June 1982 2 December 1990
(ousted)
8 years, 178 days FAN / UNIR Ngardoum
(until 19 June 1982)
6 Idriss Déby
(1952–2021)
1996
2001
2006
2011
2016
2021
2 December 1990 20 April 2021
(killed in action)
30 years, 139 days MPS Bawoyeu
Yodoyman
Moungar
Koumakoye
Djimasta
Ouaido
Yamassoum
Kabadi
Faki
Yoadimnadji
Younousmi
Koumakoye
Abbas
Nadingar
Dadnadji
Deubet
Padacké
Mahamat Déby
(born 1984)
20 April 2021 Incumbent 2 years, 341 days Military Padacké
Kebzabo
Masra

Timeline[edit]

Mahamat DébyIdriss DébyHissène HabréLol Mahamat ChouaGoukouni OueddeiFélix MalloumNoël Milarew OdingarFrançois Tombalbaye

Latest election[edit]

CandidatePartyVotes%
Idriss DébyPatriotic Salvation Movement3,663,43179.32
Albert Pahimi PadackéNational Rally for Democracy in Chad476,46410.32
Lydie BeassemdaParty for Democracy and Independence145,8673.16
Félix Romadoumngar NialbéUnion for Renewal and Democracy87,7221.90
Brice Mbaïmon GuedmbayeMovement of Patriotic Chadians for the Republic64,5401.40
Baltazar Alladoum DjarmaChadian Socialist Action for Renewal59,9651.30
Saleh KebzaboNational Union for Democracy and Renewal47,5181.03
Théophile BongoroParty for Rally and Equity in Chad34,6100.75
Théophile YombombéUnion of Progressive Workers for Cohesion19,9230.43
Ngarlejy YorongarFederation, Action for the Republic18,6930.40
Total4,618,733100.00
Source: CENI

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ As President of the Transitional Military Council until 10 October 2022[1][2]
  1. ^ Changed name to N’Garta Tombalbaye on 30 August 1973 due to the policy of Africanization.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Ilunga, Patrick (10 October 2022). "Chadian junta leader Mahamat Deby sworn in as President". The East African. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  2. ^ a b c "Chad Ruler Raises Hackles with Drawn-Out 'Transition'". Agence France-Presse. Libreville, Gabon. Voice of America. 12 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  3. ^ Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.
  4. ^ "Biography of the President of the Transitional Military Council". Presidency of the Republic of Chad (in French). Retrieved 10 May 2022.

External links[edit]