List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia

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Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
Czech: Předseda vlády Československa
Slovak: Predseda vlády Česko-Slovenska
Longest serving
Lubomír Štrougal

28 January 1970 – 12 October 1988
AppointerThe President
Formation14 November 1918; 105 years ago (1918-11-14)
First holderKarel Kramář
Final holderJan Stráský
Abolished31 December 1992; 31 years ago (1992-12-31)
Superseded byCzech Republic Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
Slovakia Prime Minister of Slovakia

The prime minister of Czechoslovakia (Czech: předseda vlády Československa, Slovak: predseda vlády Česko-Slovenska) was the head of government of Czechoslovakia, from the creation of the First Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 until the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic on 1 January 1993.

During periods when the post of the president of Czechoslovakia was vacant, the prime minister took on most presidential duties. However, the Czechoslovak constitutions do not define anything like a post of acting president.

Prime ministers of Czechoslovakia (1918–1992)[edit]

Political parties
Other factions
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Ethnicity Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
(1918–1938)
1 Karel Kramář
(1860–1937)
Czech 14 November 1918 8 July 1919 236 days ČSND
2 Vlastimil Tusar
(1880–1924)
Czech 8 July 1919 15 September 1920 1 year, 69 days ČSSD
3 Jan Černý
(1874–1959)
Czech 15 September 1920 26 September 1921 1 year, 11 days Independent
4 Edvard Beneš
(1884–1948)
Czech 26 September 1921 7 October 1922 1 year, 11 days Independent
5 Antonín Švehla
(1873–1933)
Czech 7 October 1922 18 March 1926 3 years, 162 days RSZML
6 Jan Černý
(1874–1959)
Czech 18 March 1926 12 October 1926 208 days Independent
7 Antonín Švehla
(1873–1933)
Czech 12 October 1926 1 February 1929 2 years, 112 days RSZML
8 František Udržal
(1866–1938)
Czech 1 February 1929 24 October 1932 3 years, 266 days RSZML
9 Jan Malypetr
(1873–1947)
Czech 24 October 1932 5 November 1935 3 years, 12 days RSZML
10 Milan Hodža
(1878–1944)
Slovak 5 November 1935 22 September 1938 2 years, 321 days RSZML
(1938–1939)
11 Jan Syrový
(1888–1970)
Czech 22 September 1938 1 December 1938 70 days Independent
12 Rudolf Beran
(1887–1954)
Czech 1 December 1938 15 March 1939 104 days RSZML / SNJ
(1939–1945)
Alois Eliáš became Prime Minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, a de iure autonomous region incorporated into Nazi Germany.[1][2]
Jan Šrámek became Prime Minister within the Czechoslovak government-in-exile, which was the government of Czechoslovakia recognized by the Allies during World War II.
Vojtech Tuka became Prime Minister of the quasi-independent, pro-Nazi and clero-fascist Slovak Republic.
Julian Révaý became Prime Minister of the Carpatho-Ukraine few days before invasion and occupation by the Kingdom of Hungary.
(1945–1948)
13 Zdeněk Fierlinger
(1891–1976)
Czech 5 April 1945 2 July 1946 1 year, 88 days ČSSD
14 Klement Gottwald
(1896–1953)
Czech 2 July 1946 15 June 1948 1 year, 349 days KSČ
(1948–1989)
Official names: Czechoslovak Republic (1948–1960), Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1960–1989)
15 Antonín Zápotocký
(1884–1957)
Czech 15 June 1948 14 March 1953 4 years, 272 days KSČ
16 Viliam Široký
(1902–1971)
Slovak 14 March 1953 20 September 1963 10 years, 190 days KSČ
17 Jozef Lenárt
(1923–2004)
Slovak 20 September 1963 8 April 1968 4 years, 201 days KSČ
18 Oldřich Černík
(1921–1994)
Czech 8 April 1968 28 January 1970 1 year, 295 days KSČ
19 Lubomír Štrougal
(1924–2023)
Czech 28 January 1970 12 October 1988 18 years, 258 days KSČ
20 Ladislav Adamec
(1926–2007)
Czech 12 October 1988 7 December 1989 1 year, 56 days KSČ
(1989–1992)
Official names: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1989–1990), Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)
21 Marián Čalfa
(born 1946)
Slovak 7 December 1989 2 July 1992 2 years, 208 days KSČ / VPN / ODÚ
22 Jan Stráský
(1940–2019)
Czech 2 July 1992 31 December 1992 182 days ODS

Timeline[edit]

Jan StráskýMarián ČalfaLadislav AdamecLubomír ŠtrougalOldřich ČerníkJozef LenártViliam ŠirokýAntonín ZápotockýKlement GottwaldZdeněk FierlingerRudolf BeranJan SyrovýMilan HodžaJan MalypetrFrantišek UdržalAntonín ŠvehlaEdvard BenešJan ČernýVlastimil TusarKarel Kramář

See also[edit]

References[edit]