Ġ
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| Ġ | ġ |
Ġ (minuscule: ġ) is a letter of the Latin script, formed from G with the addition of a dot above the letter.
Usage[edit]
Arabic[edit]
Ġ is used in some Arabic transliteration schemes, such as DIN 31635 and ISO 233, to represent the letter غ (ġain).
Armenian[edit]
Ġ is used in the romanization of Classical or Eastern Armenian to represent the letter Ղ/ղ (ġat).
Chechen[edit]
Ġ is present in the Chechen Latin alphabet, created in the 1990s. The Cyrillic equivalent is гI, which represents the sound /ɣ/.[1]
Inupiat[edit]
Ġ is used in some dialects of Inupiat to represent the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/.
Irish[edit]
Ġ was formerly used in Irish to represent the lenited form of G. The digraph gh is now used.[2]
Maltese[edit]
Ġ is the 7th letter of the Maltese alphabet, preceded by F and followed by G. It represents the voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ].[3]
Old Czech[edit]
⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes (about 16th century) used to represent real [g], to distinguish it from the letter g which represented the consonant [j].
Old English[edit]
⟨Ġ⟩ is sometimes used in modern scholarly transcripts of Old English to represent [j] or [dʒ] (after ⟨n⟩), to distinguish it from ⟨g⟩ pronounced as /ɣ/, which is otherwise spelled identically. The digraph ⟨cg⟩ was also used to represent [dʒ].[4]
Ukrainian[edit]
⟨Ġ⟩ is used in some Ukrainian transliteration schemes, mainly ISO 9:1995, as the letter Ґ.
Phonetic transcription[edit]
⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes used as a phonetic symbol transcribing [ɣ] or [ŋ].
Georgian[edit]
Ġ is used in the transliteration of Georgian to represent the letter ღ.
Computer encoding[edit]
ISO 8859-3 (Latin-3) includes Ġ at D5 and ġ at F5 for use in Maltese, and ISO 8859-14 (Latin-8) includes Ġ at B2 and ġ at B3 for use in Irish.
Precomposed characters for Ġ and ġ have been present in Unicode since version 1.0. As part of WGL4, it can be expected to display correctly on most computer systems.
| Appearance | Code points | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Ġ | U+0120 U+0047, U+0307 |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G + COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
| ġ | U+0121 U+0067, U+0307 |
LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER G + COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
OpenAI's GPT-2 uses 0xC4 0xA0 (Ġ) as the start of a word in its tokens.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ Koryakov, Yuri B. (2002). Atlas of Caucasian Languages (PDF). Moscow: Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences. pp. 6–7.
- ^ "Symbol Codes | Irish, Old Irish and Manx". Pennsylvania State University. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ^ Robert D. Hoberman (2007). Kaye, Alan S. (ed.). "Chapter 13. Maltese Morphology" (PDF). Morphologies of Asia and Africa. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns: 258. ISBN 978-1-57506-109-2. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ^ Daniel Paul O'Donnell. "The Pronunciation of Old English". University of Lethbridge Personal Web Sites. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
- ^ "Why \u0120 (Ġ) is in so many pairs? · Issue #80 · openai/GPT-2". GitHub.